RV College
of Engineering Admission Management Quota
Typically,
IT is used in the context of enterprise operations as opposed to personal or
entertainment technologies. The commercial use of IT encompasses both computer
technology and telephony. [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]
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The term
information technology was coined by the Harvard Business Review, in order to
make a distinction between purpose-built machines designed to perform a limited
scope of functions and general-purpose computing machines that could be
programmed for various tasks. [RV College
of Engineering Admission Management Quota]As the IT industry evolved from
the mid-20th century, it encompassed transistors and integrated circuits --
computing capability advanced while device cost and energy consumption fell
lower, a cycle that continues today when new technologies emerge.[RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
IT
software and hardware
IT
includes several layers of physical equipment (hardware), virtualization and
management or automation tools, operating systems and applications (software)
used to perform essential functions. [RV
College o Admission Management Quota]User devices, peripherals and
software, such as laptops, smartphones or even recording equipment, can be
included in the IT domain. IT can also refer to the architectures,
methodologies and regulations governing the use and storage of data. [RV College Admission Management Quota]
Business
applications include databases like SQL Server, transactional systems such as
real-time order entry, email servers like Exchange, Web servers like Apache,
customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning systems. [RV College Admission Management Quota]These
applications execute programmed instructions to manipulate, consolidate,
disperse or otherwise affect data for a business purpose. [RV College Admission Management Quota]
Computer
servers run business applications. Servers interact with client users and other
servers across one or more business networks. Storage is any kind of technology
that holds information as data. Information can take any form including file
data, multimedia, telephony data and Web data, data from sensors or future
formats. Storage includes volatile random access memory (RAM) as well as
non-volatile tape, hard disk and solid-state flash drives. [RV College Admission Management Quota]
IT
architectures have evolved to include virtualization and cloud computing, where
physical resources are abstracted and pooled in different configurations to
meet application requirements. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] Clouds may be
distributed across locations and shared with other IT users, or contained
within a corporate data center, or some combination of both deployments. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
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IT
education and job functions[RV College Admission
Management Quota]
A team of
administrators and other technical staffers deploy and manage the company's IT
infrastructure and assets. IT teams depend on a wide range of specialized
information and technology skills and knowledge to support equipment,
applications and activities. Third-party contractors and IT vendor support
personnel augment the IT team. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] The information
technology profession is extremely diverse: IT workers can specialize in fields
like software development, application management, hardware -- desktop support,
server or storage administrator -- and network architecture. Many businesses
seek IT professionals with mixed or overlapping skill sets. [RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Information
Technology[RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]
Information
technology (IT) is a label that has two meanings. In common usage, the term
“information technology” is often used to refer to all of computing. [RV College Admission Management Quota]
As a name of an undergraduate degree program, it refers to the preparation of students
to meet the computer technology needs of business, government, healthcare,
schools, and other kinds of organizations.
[RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
IT
professionals possess the right combination of knowledge and practical,
hands-on expertise to take care of both an organization’s information
technology infrastructure and the people who use it. They assume responsibility
for selecting [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]hardware and software products appropriate for
an organization. They integrate those products with organizational needs and
infrastructure, and install, customize and maintain those applications, thereby
providing a secure and effective environment that supports the activities of
the organization’s computer users. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] In IT, programming often
involves writing short programs that typically connect existing components
(scripting). [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]
Planning
and managing an organization’s IT infrastructure is a difficult and complex job
that requires a solid foundation in applied computing as well as management and
people skills. [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]Those in the IT discipline require special skills
– in understanding, for example, how networked systems are composed and
structured, and what their strengths and weaknesses are[RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]. There are
important software systems concerns such as reliability, security, usability,
and effectiveness and efficiency for their intended purpose; all of these
concerns are vital. These topics are difficult and intellectually demanding. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
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Computer
engineering (CE) students study the design of digital hardware and software
systems including communications systems, computers and devices that contain
computers. [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota] For them, programming is focused on digital
devices and their interfaces with users and other devices. An important area
within computing engineering is the development of embedded systems. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]Devices such as cell phones, digital audio players,
digital video recorders, alarm systems, x-ray machines, and laser surgical
tools all require integration of hardware and embedded software, and are all
the result of computer engineering. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Computer
engineering majors are offered by a fairly large number of universities, almost
always within engineering[RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]. This major requires significant
study of mathematics. [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Computer
hardware engineers research, design, develop, test, and oversee the
installation of computer hardware and supervise its manufacture and
installation. [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]Hardware refers to computer chips, circuit
boards, computer systems, and related equipment such as keyboards, modems, and
printers…. The work of computer hardware engineers is very similar to that of
electronics engineers, but, unlike electronics engineers, computer hardware
engineers work exclusively with computers and computer-related equipment. The
rapid advances in computer technology are largely a result of the research,
development, and design efforts of computer hardware engineers. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
Computer
science (CS) spans the range from theory through programming to cutting-edge
development of computing solutions. Computer science offers a foundation that
permits graduates to adapt to new technologies and new ideas. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]The work of computer scientists falls into three
categories: a) designing and building software; b) developing effective ways to
solve computing problems, such as storing information in databases, sending
data over networks or providing new approaches to security problems; and c)
devising new and better [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]ways of using computers and
addressing particular challenges in areas such as robotics, computer vision, or
digital forensics (although these specializations are not available in all
computer science programs). Most computer science programs require some
mathematical background. [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Let us
consider what is involved in a career path in each area.
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Career
Path 1: Designing and implementing software.
[RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] This refers to the
work of software development which has grown to include aspects of web
development, interface design, security issues, mobile computing, and so on. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]This is the career path that the majority of computer
science graduates follow. While a bachelor’s degree is generally sufficient for
entry into this kind of career, many software professionals return to school to
obtain a terminal master’s degree. (Rarely is a doctorate involved.) [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota] Career opportunities occur in a wide variety of settings
including large or small software companies, large or small computer services
companies, and large organizations of all kinds (industry, government, banking,
healthcare, etc.). Degree programs in software engineering also educate
students for this career path. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Career
Path 2: Devising new ways to use computers. This refers to innovation in the
application of computer technology. A career path in this area can involve
advanced graduate work, followed by a position in a research university or
industrial research and development laboratory; [RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] it can
involve entrepreneurial activity such as was evident during the dot-com boom of
the 1990s; or it can involve a combination of the two. [RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Career
Path 3: Developing effective ways to solve computing problems. This refers to
the application or development of computer science theory and knowledge of
algorithms to ensure the best possible solutions for computationally intensive
problems. [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota] As a practical matter, a career path in the
development of new computer science theory typically requires graduate work to
the Ph.D. level, followed by a position in a research university or an
industrial research and development laboratory. [RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Career
Path 4: Planning and managing organizational technology infrastructure. This is
the type of work for which the new information technology (IT) programs
explicitly aim to educate students. [RV
College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Career
paths 2 and 3 are undenably in the domain of computer science graduates. Career
paths 1 and 4 have spawned the new majors in software engineering and
information technology, respectively, and information systems graduates often
follow Career path 1, too. [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota] Computer scientists continue to
fill these positions, but programs in software engineering, information
technology, and information systems offer alternative paths to these careers. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
Information
Systems
Information
systems (IS) is concerned with the information that computer systems can
provide to aid a company, non-profit or governmental organization in defining
and achieving its goals. It is also concerned with the processes that an
enterprise can implement and improve using information technology. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota] IS professionals must understand both technical and
organizational factors, and must be able to help an organization determine how
information and technology-enabled business processes can provide a foundation
for superior organizational performance. They serve as a bridge between the
technical and management communities within an organization. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
What
information does the enterprise need? How is that information generated? Is it
delivered to the people who need it? Is it presented to them in ways that
permit them to use it readily? Is the organization structured to be able to use
technology effectively? [RV College of
Engineering Admission Management Quota]Are the business processes of the
organization well designed? Do they use the opportunities created by
information technology fully? Does the organization use the communication and
collaboration capabilities of information technologies appropriately? Is the
organization capable of adapting quickly enough to changing external
circumstances? These are the important issues that businesses rely on IS people
to address. [RV College of Engineering
Admission Management Quota]
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A majority
of IS programs are located in business schools; however, they may have
different names such as management information systems, computer information
systems, or business information systems.
[RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota] All IS degrees
combine business and computing topics, but the emphasis between technical and
organizational issues varies among programs. For example, programs differ
substantially in the amount of programming required. [RV College of Engineering Admission Management Quota]
Traditionally,
many graduates of IS programs have functioned in roles that are similar to the
roles for which IT programs explicitly prepare their students. Information
systems graduates continue to fill these roles, but the new programs in
information technology offer an alternative path to these positions. [RV College of Engineering Admission
Management Quota]
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